TCP guarantees reliable data transfer, ensures that data is transmitted in the correct order, and provides error checking and correction. MySQL uses TCP as the default protocol for client-server communication because it provides several advantages over other protocols. This ensures that data is delivered without errors or loss. Once the connection is established, data is transmitted in a sequential and orderly manner, with each packet of data being acknowledged by the receiver. In a TCP connection, a three-way handshake is established between the client and server to establish a reliable communication channel. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable, ordered delivery of data between applications running on different hosts. MySQL Port 3306 is a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port. In this article, we will delve deeper into the default MySQL port number and how it can be modified to suit specific needs. Understanding the default port number for MySQL is crucial when configuring firewalls, managing network traffic, and troubleshooting connection issues. MySQL's default port number is 3306 for client connections. It uses a client-server model, where the MySQL server listens for incoming client connections on a specific port. No port after the hostname: this is an UNIX socket.MySQL is an open-source relational database management system that is widely used for storing, managing, and retrieving data. > engine = dict(unix_socket="/path/to/mysql.sock")) > engine = dict(host='localhost', port=3306))Īs you noticed, both will use a TCP connection (I know that because of the port number after the hostname). # Same result by using 127.0.0.1 instead of localhost: > conn.execute("SELECT host FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST WHERE ID = CONNECTION_ID()").fetchall() # Normally URL options should use `?` and `&` As you explained it yourself, when invoking mysql on the command line, you use the -protocol tcp option.Īs explained here, from SQLAlchemy, you can pass the relevant options (if any) to your driver either as URL options or using the connect_args keyword argument.įor example using PyMySQL, on a test system I've setup for that purpose (MariaDB 10.0.12, SQLAlchemy 0.9.8 and PyMySQL 0.6.2) I got the following results: > engine = ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ However, this simple trick doesn't appear to work in your case, so you have to somehow force the use of a TCP socket. To ensure that the client makes a TCP/IP connection to the local server, use -host or -h to specify a host name value of 127.0.0.1, or the IP address or name of the local server. This occurs even if a -port or -P option is given to specify a port number. For connections to localhost, MySQL programs attempt to connect to the local server by using a Unix socket file. On Unix, MySQL programs treat the host name localhost specially, in a way that is likely different from what you expect compared to other network-based programs. connections on Unix to localhost are made using a Unix socket file by default The classic answer to this issue is to use 127.0.0.1 or the IP of the host or the host name instead of the "special name" localhost.
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